Mungkan Shinggyim Masha ni a labau hta Kachyi hpe laiwa sai shaning 30000 ning jan (30000 BC) kaw na galaw lang hpang wa sai hpe chye lu ai. Prat hte prat ban hte ban galaw lang wa ai Kachyi ni gaw daini na ten du hkra mungkan mungdan shara shagu kaw lawnglam amyu myu madang amyu myu hku nna matut sunglang nga ai hpe mu chye lu ai.
Kachyi gaw masha hkum hta tsawm htap na matu mawn sumli ai sha nrai shaning tsa kaba sutgan, hpaga gunrai langai hku nna mung sunglang lai wa sai hpe labau laika kaw na chye la lu ai, labau kaw adan apra hkaja mai ai langai gaw 17-19 century aten shaning laman hta Venice Mare Italy Mungdan e galaw ai Venetian Trade Beads(fig-1) ngu ai Kachyi hpan hkum ni hte Europe Shan-hpraw masha ni gaw Africa Dan na Mayam law law hpe galai mari wa sai rai nga ai.
Figure – 1
Mungkan mungdan amyu sha nkau tinang a htunghking kumla hku nna laklai ai Kachyi hpan amyu myu hpe galaw lang wa ai lam chye lu ai. Ga shadawn nkau tsun ga nga yang, Pyu Mungdan prat(2nd century BCE – 11th century AD) hta “Pumtek Beads (fig-2)” ngu ai Kachyi hpe galaw lang wa ai rai nna dai kachyi gaw daini na aten du hkra mying gumhkawng nga ai, Tibet amyu ni a “Dzi Beads (fig-3)” ngu ai Kachyi, Naga amyu ni a “Naga Conch Shell Beads (fig-4)” ngu ai Kachyi ni gaw Mungkan Kachyi a lam atsawm chye ai ni a lapran mying gumhkawng nga ai.
Figure – 2 (Pumtek)
Figure – 3 (Dzi)
Figure – 4 (Naga Conch Shell Beads)
Mungkan kaw na atsawm n chye tim anhte Jinghpaw ni a lapran grai manu shadan shareng tawn ai kachyi hpe shachyen ya mayu ai, dai kachyi hpe Jinghpaw ni “Shawanang Kachyi” ngu shamying ma ai.
Shawanang Kachyi hpe gara prat ban kaw na galaw lang hpang wa ai lam ka tawn ai laili laika n nga ai daram re hte maren lu tsun ai masha mung grai taw mat sai aten ladaw rai mat nga sai. Shawanang Kachyi ngu shamying wa ai npawt labau gaw Gumchying Gumsa Prat Jinghpaw Du Magam nta shadang La kasha ni num wawn num la ai aten hta Mung shawa masha ni jawm galaw sak jaw ra ai arung arai re majaw “Shawanang Kachyi” ngu shamying ai re hpe hkaja chye lu ai. Gumchying Gumsa Prat a hpang daw Gumlau Prat aten hta gaw Jinghpaw Du Magam ni a sutgan yam Nga shaw mari la nhtawm Shawanang Kachyi hpe matut galaw lang wa ai re hpe hkaja chye lu ai.
Shawanang Kachyi tum/si ni hpe moi prat e Mali Nmai Walawng Kachyi Htu ngu ai mare hte Hugawng Pa Ga Hkyeng ginra hkan na htu shaw nhtawm galaw lang ai re nga nna htunghking salang nkau kaw na chye lu ai.
Shawanang Kachyi hta lawm ai amyu hpan ni gaw:
- Kachyi hta malawng ngu na gaw Ga kaw na htu shaw nhtawm lata hte galaw la ai kachyi tum ni re, ndai laklai ai Ga kachyi tum ni gaw aten ladaw langai hta Nlung byin mat ai amyu hpan re.(fig-5)
Figure – 5
2. Kachyi ka-ang kaw bang ai ting-lum (soi tee) hte sumri lahkawng wa ginsu ai shara kaw bang ai Du Magap hpe BC 30000 aten kaw na shinggyim masha ni lang wa ai Panglai Hkoi hpan mi(Conch Shells) hte malawng galaw ma ai, ja gumhpraw dangdi ai Jinghpaw Du Magam nkau gaw Magwi Kawng hte galaw lang ai lam chye lu ai. (fig-6)
Figure – 6 (Conch Shells)
3. Venetian Skunk Beads: Ndai kachyi tum Achyang kaw ahpraw pang re kap ai gaw Venetian Skunk Beads ngu shamying ma ai. Skunk beads hpe Italy mungdan Venice Mare kaw 1720 ning grup yin(18 century) kaw galaw ai re hpe chye lu ai, ndai skunk beads hpe dai ten shinggyim masha ni a hkum hkrang shanhpyi ntsa byin ai Shakrwi mawng ana hpe tsi shamai na matu galaw hpang wa ai re ng anna ka tawn ma ai. Ndai Skunk Beads gaw arai dingsa mahkawng ai ni a majaw Africa mungdan jut shingnaw hkan na bai tam kasawk nhtawm dingsa gat e dut ma ai, ya ten gat-lawk e skunk beads ajet hpe tam mari lu na grau grau yak mat sai hpe chye lu ai.(fig-7)
Figure – 7 (Venetian Skunk Beads)
Dai majaw, Shawanang Kachyi kaw lawm ai Venetian Skunk Beads hte Conch Shell yan a labau hku gawn nhtawm labau gawn ai rai yang Shawanang Kachyi gaw 17 – 18 Century aten, lai wa sai shaning 300 – 400 ning na sai manu dan ai, n mai shamat ai htunghking arai dingsa re ngu tsun mai ai, grau manu shatsaw ya ai lam langai gaw Shawanang Kachyi galaw lang ai lam hta moi na Ji Nat makam masham n lawm ai, tsawm shingni Ta hpaji san san Htunghking ningli kaja nan rai nga sai.
Matut hkaja chye lu ai gaw Mungkan Majan 2 (WWII) byin wa mahka 1935 ning grup yin kaw na Shawanang Kachyi kaw bang shalawm ai Venetian Skunk Beads hte Conch Sea Shells ni hpe mari la yak mat ai the kaga mayak ni a majaw Jinghpaw ni a Shawanang Kachyi galaw ai lam gau ngwi ngwi hkring mat ai lam re nga nna salang nkau tsun jahta dan ma ai.
Lai wa sai shaning law law kaw nna ngai langai hkrai Jinghpaw ni a Shawanang Kachyi hpe grai myit shang-sha wa ai raiyang jahtum e 2016 -17 ning laman aten la nhtawm Mungkan Kachyi labau hte Shawanang Kachyi ni a lam sawk sagawn hti hkaja wa ni ai. Laning mi jan aten, ja gumhpraw htum hkam nhtawm hkaja sawk sagawn wa ai shaloi Mungkan Kachyi Labau hte Shawanang Kachyi ni a lam ram daw chye na wa nngai. Ndai laning mi jan aten hta ni ai, tsan ai kaw na manaw manang ni, jinghku jingyu ni tsaw ra myit hte Shawanang Kachyi sumla ni shagun jaw ai yawng (35) lu hkap la ai. Sumla yawng hpe azin ayang, akri akrai hkaja wa yang jahtum e moi na Shawanang Kachyi ajet ngu tsun mai ai (3) hpe lu sawk shapraw ai.
Kachyi langai gaw (fig-8) Hugawng Magam Du nta langai kaw na prat ban(4) zing kyem wa ai re hpe chye lu ai, kaga lahkawng gaw(fig-9) Mali Hkrang Walawng na Jinghpaw Du nta langai kaw na yawm dik prat ban (4) zing wa ai Kachyi re nga tsun dan ma ai.
Figure – 8 (Hugawng magam du nta langai kaw na Shawanang kachyi dingsa)
Figure – 9 (Mali Hkrang Walawng magam du nta langai ni a Shawanang kachyi dingsa)
Mungkan Kachyi labau hte gat lawk ni kaw na hkap la hkan sa nga ai Kachyi ni a madang atsang hte manu jahpu gaw lawu na chyarang hte maren re hpe chye lu ai.
- Lu la yak ai Seng amyu hpan ni. (diamond, Ruby, Jadeite Jade ..etc.)
- Magwi Kawng (Fossil Mammoth Ivory)
- Ja, Ja-hpraw, gumhpraw arai ni
- Amber/ Pat amyu hpan ni
- Manu dan ai Nlung, Lungrawk amyu hpan ni.(Carnelian, Agate, Lapis Lazuli, Turquoise, Pipestone … etc.)
- Panglai Hkoi amyu hpan ni ( Pearl, Coral, Conch Shell … etc.)
- Pat/ Glass amyu hpan ni
- Ga Shawun (Ceremic) amyu hpan ni
- Magri amyu hpan ni
- Plastic amyu hpan ni
- Hpun-ja amyu hpan ni
- Ga amyu hpan ni.(moi Hkawhkam mungdan aten hta Mayam hte Darat Daroi ni gaw Ga hte galaw ai kachyi ni chyu sha lang na ahkang nga ai lam chye lu ai.)
(50 ning hta jan shaning na sai Kachyi dingsa(Antique) ni gaw manu jahpu kaba ai, lang ai arung arai madang ni hta hkan nna manu hkan tsaw ai hpe chye lu ai.)
Jinghpaw Shawanang Kachyi dingsa ni hpe hkaja sawk sagawn ai shaloi Kachyi tum ni hpe Ga kaw na htu shaw galaw la ngut ai hpang wan hta ju ai kun ? jan kaw lam ai kun ? htu shaw la ai Ga amyu hpan hte madang atsang ni hpe chye lu ai raiyang matut hkangzing kyem ai lam hta akyu kaba mai nga ai.
Mungkan Kachyi Labau laika buk hta Ga kaw na htu shaw nhtawm Kachyi galaw lang ai mungkan mungdan hte amyu bawsang nkau a Kachyi galaw lang ai lam hpe sanglang dan mayu nngai. Native American(Red Indian) ni gaw Nlung Bum kaba langai ngai a kata rawng ai Lung-sai lam mi hpe htu shaw la nhtawm dai lung-rok hpe shadu sha na Di, malut lu na matu Nhka Kin-yang hte Kachyi gaili ni hpe galaw lang ma ai, dai laklai ai Lung-rok hpe Pipestone – Catlinite ngu shamying ma ai, ndai Catlinite stone gaw lung-rok, lung-kring ni zawn nja ai, ret garang shatsawm lang mai ai lung-rok rai nga ai. Ndai lung-rok hpe Native American ni gaw Hpan Karai jaw ai sutgan arai re ngu hkam la nhtawm pipestone Catlinite pru ai shara hpe chyoi pra ai shara ngu masat hkungga jaw ma ai. Ndai Catlinite nlung hte galaw ai arung arai gaw shaning na wa yang namhkan nsha chye ai Hpri zawn grau ngang grau tsawm wa ai hpe chye lu ai. (fig-10)
Figure – 10 (pipestone – Catlinite hpe htu la ai ladat hte Pipestone Kachyi)
Africa Dan Ghana mungdan amyu sha ni gaw Ga kaw na htu shaw galaw lang ai ndai Kachyi hpe Bauxite Beads shing nrai Stonepipe Beads ngu shamying ma ai. Bauxite ngu ai gaw Aluminium nhprang dat lawm ai Ga re hpe chye lu ai, laklai ai lam gaw ndai kachyi ni aten nau nna ai sha nlung tai mat ai lam rai nga ai. Ndai Bauxite Kachyi ni gaw shaning na magang grau tsawm, grau ngang ai majaw mung mying kaba ai lam rai nga ai. (fig-11)
Figure – 11 (stonepipe – bauxite beads)
Ga kaw na htu shaw nhtawm Kachyi galaw ai kaga langai gaw 2nd century BC – 11th century AD lapran hkik hkam lai wa yu sai Pyu Hkawhkam Mungdan (Pyu city-states) prat aten Pyu mungdan masha ni a mying dan hkung ai Kachyi re, ndai Kachyi hpe “Pumtek”(fig-12) ngu shamying ma ai. Pumtek Kachyi hpe Ga kata e shaning Sen, Wan na lup rawng nga ai Hpun-ja amyu hpan hpe htu shaw nna galaw lang ai hpe chye lu ai, raiyang laklai ai gaw Ga kaw na htu shaw la ai ndai Hpun-ja gaw nbung katsi hte hkra ai hpang nlung byin mat ai hpe chye lu ai.
Figure – 12 (Pyu Ancient Pumtek Beads)
Lahta na Kachyi hpan masum gaw Jinghpaw ni a Shawanang Kachyi zawn ga kaw na htu shaw la nhtawm galaw lang ai kachyi ni rai nna daini na ten mungkan hta masha law law grai manu shadan, mari zing kyem nga ai moi na Kachyi dingsa ni rai nga ai.
Manu dan ai Shawanang Kachyi ajet ngu ai shaloi nlung tai mat ai kachyi tum ni, Venetian Skunk Beads, Panglai Shawun(Conch Shells) shing nrai Magwi Kawng ni hte shachyaw tawn ai hpe tsun ai re. Shingre manu dan ai, jet ai sutgan arai hte Jan Shata zawn kabrim, Ja Lungseng zawn manu dan, hkawhkam shayi sha zawn tsawm htap ai Num hpe kanam makyin masat la ai htunghking gaw mau hpa htap htuk dik rai nga ai. Njet ai, atang ahpa hkrup mara galaw nna htunghking hpe n jahten kau ga.
Shawanang Kachyi a hkrang design gaw grai madang tsaw ai hpe mu chye lu ai, dai majaw ndai amyu sha yawng a manu dan ai htunghking sutgan arai hpe htap htuk manu ai hku hkangzing mazing, mawn sumli lang na mung ahkyak dik re ngu sawn lu ai.
Shawanang Kachyi a lam hpe ngai chye la lu ai kachyi mi hpe ka jahkrat dat ni ai. Ndai laika gaw hkum tsup ra nrawng sai ngu n lu tsun nngai, nhkum ntsup mi raitim ndai laika hpe hti hkaja n-gun jaw ai yawng hpe grai chyeju dum nngai.